One of the most important topics for UPSC and State Civil Service Aspirants is a through knowledge of the Indian Parliament
This quick revision will help you remember the major points of the lesson to help with your preparation before the Prelims. Watch the detailed explanation of the topics for Mains Preparation
Indian Parliamanent UPSC & APSC
Features of Parliamentary Govt.
Nominal and Real Executive
–President ( Titular Head)
–Prime Minister (Real Head)
Majority party Rule
The ruling party in a democratic parliamentary system is the political party or coalition of multiple parties who hold the majority of the elected seats in a parliament or state assembly.
Collective Responsibility
The Principle of Collective Responsibility is the cornerstone of the Parliamentary form of government.
The two basic components of collective responsibility are.
The first is that ministers should be able to conduct unbridled conversations before reaching a consensus or decision, and that these debates and discussion should be kept private.
Secondly, once the cabinet position has been agreed by vote on the particular agenda, all ministers are bound to adhere to it and vote along with the government or give up their seats in the Parliament.
Political Homogeneity
It means that members of the Cabinet belong to the same political Party
Double Membership
Parliamentarians are Members of both the Executive as well as the Legislature
Leadership of PM
The Prime Minister is the Head of the Government till the end of five years
Dissolution of Lower House
The Lower House or the Lok Sabha shall be dissolved every Five Years
Secrecy
All members of the Parliament are required to take an oath of Secrecy.
Merits of Parliamentary System:
Harmony between Legislature and Executive
Responsible Govt.
Prevents Despotism
Ready Alternative Government
Wide Representation
Demerits of Parliamentary System
Unstable Government
No Continuity of Policies
Dictatorship of Cabinet
Against Seperation of Powers
Government by Amateurs
Reasons for Choosing Parliamentary System in India
Familiarity with the System
More Responsibility (BR Ambedkar)
To avoid Legislative and Executive Conflicts
Nature of Indian Society
Federal System of Governance in Indian Parliament vs Unitary System
Federal Features of the Constitution
Dual Polity
Written Constitution
Division of Powers
Supremacy of Constitution
Rigid Constitution
Independant Judiciary
Bicameralism
Unitary Features of the Constitution
Strong Centre
States not Indestructible
Single Constitution
Flexibility of the Constitution
No Equality of State Representation
Emergency Provisions
Single Citizenship
Integrated Judiciary
All India Services
Integrated Audit Machine (CAG)
Parliament's Authority over State List (With Rajya Sabha Permission)
Appointment of Governor
Integrated Election Machinery
Veto over State Bills
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